Financial Strategies

Finance :The main techniques and sectors of the financial industry:

An entity whose income exceeds its expenditure can lend or invest the excess income. On the other hand, an entity whose income is less than its expenditure can raise capital by borrowing or selling equity claims, decreasing its expenses, or increasing its income. The lender can find a borrower, a financial intermediary such as a bank, or buy notes or bonds in the bond market. The lender receives interest, the borrower pays a higher interest than the lender receives, and the financial intermediary pockets the difference.http://equity-finance-info.blogspot.com

A bank aggregates the activities of many borrowers and lenders. A bank accepts deposits from lenders, on which it pays the interest. The bank then lends these deposits to borrowers. Banks allow borrowers and lenders, of different sizes, to coordinate their activity. Banks are thus compensators of money flows in space. http://equity-finance-info.blogspot.com

A specific example of corporate finance is the sale of stock by a company to institutional investors like investment banks, who in turn generally sell it to the public. The stock gives whoever owns it part ownership in that company. If you buy one share of XYZ Inc, and they have 100 shares outstanding (held by investors), you are 1/100 owner of that company. Of course, in return for the stock, the company receives cash, which it uses to expand its business in a process called “equity financing”. Equity financing mixed with the sale of bonds (or any other debt financing) is called the company’s capital structure.

Finance is used by individuals (personal finance), by governments (public finance), by businesses (corporate finance), as well as by a wide variety of organizations including schools and non-profit organizations. In general, the goals of each of the above activities are achieved through the use of appropriate financial instruments, with consideration to their institutional setting.

Finance is one of the most important aspects of business management. Without proper financial planning a new enterprise is unlikely to be successful. Managing money (a liquid asset) is essential to ensure a secure future, both for the individual and an organization.

http://equity-finance-info.blogspot.com

Going through a chapter 11 bankruptcy can provide you with the necessary breathing room to reorganize your company, while giving you a chance to reduce obligations that would have otherwise forced you out of business. Although no one desires to go through a corporate bankruptcy, many times it’s the only available solution.

Contrary to popular belief, many companies going through a chapter 11 reorganization can obtain financing. This type of financing is called debtor in possession financing, commonly abbreviated to DIP financing. As matter of fact, obtaining DIP financing usually increases your chances of emerging from the bankruptcy process as a viable company.

In the past, debtor in possession financing was offered only to large companies that had substantial revenues and assets. And it was only offered by large banks or big corporate financing companies. However, a new alternative has began to emerge as a leading solution. And as opposed to other conventional options, this alternative is open to small companies. This solution is called factoring.

Having liquidity right after filing for bankruptcy is critical. Your company will need money to pay employees and new purchases from suppliers. However, after filing for bankruptcy your assets will be tied by the court. And if you sell to commercial or government customers you may need to wait up to 45 days to get your invoices paid, creating a liquidity crisis. Invoice factoring provides you with a substantial advance on your accounts receivable. This enables you to keep running the company while you navigate the bankruptcy process. It provides the funds to pay employees and vendors.

Accounts receivable factoring does not work for every company, but it can help businesses that sell goods to other businesses and wait 30 to 60 days to get paid. Qualifying for this type of financing is generally easy and can be setup fairly quickly. The approval of the bankruptcy court will be required and as a common practice, most companies file for bankruptcy and debtor in possession financing at the same time. That enables the company to minimize the disruption in operations and enhances the chances of a successful bankruptcy.

Copyright (c) 2007 Thomas Husnik

The field of corporate finance deals with the decisions of finance taken by corporations along with the analysis and the tools required for taking such decisions. The principle aim of corporate finance is enhancing the corporate value and at the same time reducing the financial risks of the company. In addition to this, corporate finance also deals in getting the maximum returns on the invested capital of the company. The major concepts of corporate finance are applied to the problems of finance encountered by all type of firms.

The discipline of corporate finance can be split into the short term and the long term techniques of decisions. The investments of capital are the long term decisions relating to the projects and the methods required to finance them. On the other hand, the capital management for working is considered as a short term decision that deals with the short term current liabilities and asset balance. The main focus here rests on the management of inventories, cash and, the lending and borrowing on a short term basis.

Corporate finance is also associated with the field of investment banking. Here, the role of the investment banker is the evaluation of the various projects coming to the bank and making proper investment decisions regarding them.

The Capital Structure:

A proper finance structure is required for achieving the set goals of corporate finance. The management has to therefore design a proper structure that has an optimal mix of the different finance options that are available.

Generally, the sources of finance will comprise of a mix of equity as well as debt. If a project is financed through debt, it results in causing a liability to the concerned company. Hence in such cases, the flow of cash has various implications regardless of the success of the project. The financing done by equity carries a lower risk regarding the commitments of the flow of cash, but the result of this is the dilution of the earnings and the ownership. The cost involved in equity finance is also higher in the case of debt finance. Hence, it is understood that the finance done through equity, offsets the reduction in the risk of cash flow. The management has to hence have a mix of both the options.

The Decisions of Capital Investments:

The decisions of capital investments are the long term decisions of corporate finance that are related to the capital structure and the fixed assets. These decisions are based of several criteria that are inter-related. The management of corporate finance attempts to maximize the firm’s value by making investments in the projects that have a positive yield. The finance options for such projects have to be done in a proper manner.